Approach to Hyperkalemia

Pathogenesis of hyperkalemia

Approach to Hyperkalemia

Type

Clinical features

Normal

Potassium enters body through oral intake or IV infusion

Potassium stored in cells and excreted in urine

Possible mechanisms of hyperkalemia

Increased potassium intake (uncommon unless concurrent other cause of hyperkalemia present)

Increased potassium release from cells

Decreased urinary potassium excretion

Clinical symptoms due to disruptions in action potential and impaired neuromuscular transmission

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